El lemon umthi Ngumthi weziqhamo otyalwa kakhulu kwigadi zeziqhamo, kodwa usoloko ulinywa kwiimbiza. Sesinye sezona ziqhamo zide zesitrasi, kodwa sesinye sezona ziqhamo zinemveliso. Nangona iziqhamo zayo zinencasa eneasidi kakhulu, kwaye ngenxa yoko ayithandeki kwabanye abantu, ijusi yayo isetyenziswa njengesithako sokungcamla ezinye iiresiphi, ezinje ngepaella.
Imelana nengqele kakuhle kakhulu, nangona ifuna ukukhuselwa kwiqabaka, ingakumbi ukuba iqatha. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kwiimozulu apho amaqondo okushisa awela ngaphantsi kwe-0 degrees aziphatha njengezilwanyana ezifunayo, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, kulula ukunyamekela.
Yintoni umthi welamuni?
I-lemon okanye i-citron Ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza okanye umthi omncinci okhula phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-6 yeemitha ubude.. Ngumxube phakathi ICitrus medica (citron) kunye Citrus inurantium (i-orenji ekrakra, ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa njengomthi wasezidolophini). Iphuhlisa isithsaba esibanzi, malunga neemitha ezi-2 ubude, ivulekile kwaye inamasebe aphezulu. Amagqabi ayo alula, aphelele, malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ubude kunye ne-5 centimeters ububanzi, kunye nohlaza oluqaqambileyo.
Iintyatyambo zimhlophe, zincinci kakhulu kwaye zinevumba elimnandi.. Bafumana igama leentyantyambo zeorenji, njengezo zomthi orenji oswiti (Icitrus x sinensis). Kwaye isiqhamo liqunube elinamacandelo afikelela kwi-18. Ayidli ngokuba nayo imbewu, kodwa ukuba ibinayo, ibiya kuba neqanda, incinci ibe malunga nesentimitha enye, nombala omthubi.
iintlobo zeelamuni
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi iintlobo zemithi yelamuni ekhule kakhulu eSpain? Nalu uluhlu:
- Eureka: Inolusu olubhityileyo nolugudileyo, kwaye incasa yayo ineasidi kakhulu. Ayidli ngokuba nayo imbewu.
- Intle: ulusu nalo lubhityile, kodwa incasa yalo imnandi kwaye inejusi eninzi kune-Eureka. Kakade ke, idla ngokuba nembewu, nangona imbalwa.
- Umthi weLemon 4 amaxeshaIlamuni: yenye yezona zinto zixatyiswayo, kuba njengoko igama layo libonisa, ivelisa iilamuni phantse unyaka wonke (ubuncinane beenyanga ezisi-8). I-flavour i-acidic kakhulu, kwaye zombini amagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo zikhupha ivumba elimnandi kakhulu.
- I-VernaIlamuni: luhlobo lwelamuni enkulu, enesikhumba esiqinileyo nesirhabaxa kodwa esithambileyo.
Yintoni na?
Umthi welamuni Isetyenziswe zombini njengomthi wokuhlobisa kunye nekhitshi.. Intle kakhulu kwigadi, kwigadi yeziqhamo, kwipatios kunye namathafa, kwiimbiza nasemhlabeni. Ukongeza, inika umbala, umthunzi onomdla kakhulu, kunye nevumba elimnandi.
Iziqhamo zicudiswa ukukhupha ijusi, eyongeza incasa kwiiresiphi ezininzi, njengerayisi okanye izitya zenoodle.
Indlela yokunyamekela umthi welamuni?
Umthi welamuni ngumthi weziqhamo ongadingi nkathalo ingako. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ingasweli amanzi okanye izondlo ukuze ikhule kakuhle. Ezi zezi kufuneka sikunike zona:
Ubicación
Yisitrus, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kufuneka ibe kwindawo enelanga. Ayisosityalo ukukhula emthunzini, okanye ngaphakathi kwindlu apho kungekho kukhanya ngokuthe ngqo. Kodwa ukongeza koko, kukulungele ukwazi ukuba iingcambu zayo azikho ndlongondlongo, kodwa ayinakuswela indawo yokukhula.
Ke, ukuba uya kuba nayo kwigadi yeziqhamo okanye egadini, kufuneka ityalwe iimitha enye ubuncinane ukusuka eludongeni, ekubeni kungenjalo isiqu sawo siya kukhula sijonge phambili. Kwaye ukuba iza kuba sembizeni, kufuneka ifuduselwe kwenkulu rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3.
Umhlaba
- Jadini: ikhula kumhlaba otyebileyo, ongenamanzi, kunye ne-pH ephakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-7. Iyawunyamezela umhlaba wodongwe, kodwa ukuba ityalwe kumnye onje, kuyafaneleka ukuba ifakwe isichumiso ngamaxesha athile ngesichumisi sezityalo ze-asidi. ukuze kuthintelwe amagqabi ayo ekubeni abe chlorotic.
- Imbiza yeentyatyambo: ungasebenzisa i-substrate ye-citrus njenge enye, okanye enye yomgangatho olungileyo wokulinywa kwihlabathi liphela njengaleyo isuka kwiNtyatyambo onokuyithenga apha okanye iFertiberia.
Unkcenkceshelo
El I-citrus x limon ayinyamezeli imbalela, kodwa ayiwanyamezeli amanzi amaninzi. Kubalulekile ukuba unkcenkceshelwe rhoqo, ngalo lonke ixesha umhlaba womile, kwaye uhlale ukhumbula ukuba xa kukho iingxaki, kuya kuhlala kulula ukubuyisela umthi owomileyo we-lemon kunomnye orhaxwayo, ekubeni kufuneka wenze into enye kuphela: uthele amanzi amaninzi kuwo.
Ngoko ke, ukuphepha ukufikelela kobu bunzima, Ukusetyenziswa kwemitha yokufuma emhlabeni kunokuba luncedo kakhulu, kuba nje ngokuyingenisa kuyo siya kubona ukuba yomile okanye imanzi. Kodwa ewe: ukuba ityalwe emhlabeni, kuya kuba lula ngakumbi ukufaka intonga encinci yokhuni ubude, ubuncinane be-40 centimeters, njengoko kuyindlela ethembekileyo. Kwaye ukuba umhlaba umanzi, uya kubonwa ngokukhawuleza ukubona kunye nokuchukumisa intonga; kwaye ngokufanayo ukuba yomile.
Umbhalisi
Imithi ye-lemon, kunye neziqhamo ze-citrus ngokubanzi, zihlala zineengxaki zokunqongophala kwentsimbi kunye / okanye i-manganese, yiyo loo nto inokuphela ngamagqabi aphuzi ngokulula xa ityalwe kumhlaba wodongwe kunye / okanye ukunkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi e-alkaline. Ngokuba, ukuzichumisa ngesichumiso esithile seziqhamo zesitrasi ngokulandela imiyalelo ekwipakethe kunokunceda, kwaye kuninzi, ukuthintela ukuba bangabi yi-chlorotic.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaba kunye namanzi okunkcenkceshela anele, kucetyiswa ngakumbi ukusebenzisa Izichumisi zendalo, njenge-guano okanye umgquba.
Ukuphindaphinda
Ngumthi oziphindaphinda ngawo imbewu entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni, ukusika ngasekupheleni kwebusika / intwasahlobo kunye ufakelo entwasahlobo.
Ukuthena
Kufuneka igawulwe ekupheleni kobusika, kodwa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Ngamanye amazwi, umthi omncinci ophantse ube yi mitha ubude akufuneki uthenwe kuba kufuneka uvunyelwe ukuba ukhule xa ufuna ukuba wenze isithsaba esibanzi ngakumbi okanye esingaphantsi ngokwawo.
Kodwa ukuba i-specimen evuthiweyo, enamasebe omileyo, anesifo, abuthathaka okanye amade kakhulu, ewe. Ukwenza oku, izikere zokuthena i-anvil ziya kusetyenziselwa amasebe athambileyo, kunye nesarha yesandla encinci ukuba inomthi kwaye ingqindilili.
Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kubalulekile ukuthetha oko olona cwecwe lokuthena seso singabonakali. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha ukupheliswa kwamasebe amakhulu, kunye nokunciphisa ngokugqithiseleyo isithsaba.
Izinambuzane
Unokuba ezininzi:
- Isigcawu esibomvu: yintwala ebomvu etya incindi yamagqabi, kwaye iyakwazi nokuluka izindlu zesigcawu. Ilwa ne-acaricides.
- cottony mealybug: yi-parasite efana nebhola yomqhaphu, ebambelela ngaphantsi kwamagqabi, ukusuka apho isondla khona. Inokususwa nge-diatomaceous earth (ungayithenga apha), okanye nge-anti-cochineal okanye i-polyvalent insecticide, njenge enye.
- umsebenzi wasemgodini welamuni: yimibungu egrumba iigalari emagqabini. iyacinywa ngokufaka isinqanda-maseli se-citrus.
- ntwala: njenge-cochineal, zizifunxi-gazi ezifunxa incindi yamagqabi, kodwa neentyatyambo neziqhamo. Ziyakwazi ukulawulwa ngemigibe encangathi emthubi, njenge estas.
Izifo
Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- enye indawo: sisifo esibangelwa ngumngundo, iAlternaria. Ibonakala xa unkcenkceshela kakhulu, okanye xa umhlaba unokufuma kakhulu. Kufuneka inyangwe nge-systemic fungicide.
- exocortis: yi-viroid eyenza iintanda kunye nezikali kwi-trunk, kunye nokudodobala kwiziqu zethenda. Alukho unyango.
- ipenicillium: ibangelwa ngumngundo IPenicillium italicum, ebangela ukubola kweziqhamo. Kufuneka kwakhona kugalelwe i-fungicide.
- Psoriasis: luhlobo lwentsholongwane evelisa i-detachment yexolo kunye ne-gummosis.
- intsholongwane yosizi: sisifo sentsholongwane esenza ukuba amagqabi abe tyheli ngokukhawuleza, aphele ngokuwa. Idla ngokusasazwa ziintwala, ngoko ke kulungele ukwenza unyango ngamaxesha athile ukunqanda kunye/okanye ukuziphelisa.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Ixhasa ingqele, kunye neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4ºC ngaphandle komonakalo.
Ucinga ntoni ngomthi welamuni?